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Titel och upphov The great mother : an analysis of the archetype
Utgivning, distribution etc. Princeton University Press, Princeton : 2015
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This landmark book explores the Great Mother as a primordial image of the human psyche. Here the renowned analytical psychologist Erich Neumann draws on ritual, mythology, art, and records of dreams and fantasies to examine how this archetype has been outwardly expressed in many cultures and periods since prehistory. He shows how the feminine has been represented as goddess, monster, gate, pillar, tree, moon, sun, vessel, and every animal from snakes to birds. Neumann discerns a universal experience of the maternal as both nurturing and fearsome, an experience rooted in the dialectical relation of growing consciousness, symbolized by the child, to the unconscious and the unknown, symbolized by the Great Mother.
Foreword to the Princeton Classics Edition p. vii Foreword p. xiii Note of Acknowledgment p. xv List of Plates p. xxi List of Text Figures p. xxxix Preface p. xlvii The Archetypal Feminine and the Great Mother p. 18 The Two Characters of the Feminine p. 24 Elementary and transformative characters p. 24 The functional spheres of the elementary character p. 25 Psychic gravitation as foundation of the elementary character p. 26 The dynamic element of the transformative character p. 28 The transformation mysteries of the Feminine p. 31 Anima and transformative character p. 33 Schema I, continued; differentiation of Great Mother and anima p. 36 The Central Symbolism of the Feminine p. 39 The vessel: woman = body = vessel p. 39 The outside world as world-body-vessel p. 40 The formula of the primordial age: woman = body = vessel - world p. 43 Schema II: vessel symbolism p. 44 The symbolism of the elementary character: belly and womb p. 44 The breast and the transformative character p. 46 The matriarchal Feminine and child symbolism p. 48 Symbolism of plant and animal p. 48 The Transformation Mysteries p. 55 Night sky and moon p. 55 Schema II, continued: rebirth p. 58 The Feminine as the creative p. 61 The Functional Spheres of the Feminine p. 64 Schema III: elementary and transformative characters as axes p. 64 The positive and negative poles p. 64 The functional circles and points of intersection p. 65 The poles of the circle of spiritual transformation as the four mystery precincts p. 71 The Phenomenon of Reversal and the Dynamic of the Archetype p. 75 Schema III, continued: the poles as archetypal figures p. 75 The poles as turning points p. 76 The unity of the poles and axes p. 76 The goddesses at the poles p. 80 Psychic phases and historical events p. 82 The Elementary Character Introduction p. 89 The Primordial Goddess p. 94 The sacral significance of the Stone Age Mother p. 94 The elementary character as vessel of abundance p. 95 The meaning of steatopygia p. 98 The throne p. 98 Accentuation of fertility and sexuality p. 103 The unity of opposites p. 103 Abstraction and the transformative character p. 105 The goddess with the upraised arms p. 114 The Positive Elementary Character p. 120 The vessel character p. 120 Mouth and eyes p. 122 The breast symbolism of the vessel p. 123 Upper and lower nourishment p. 123 The numinous symbolism of the body p. 128 The mother-child relationship: the nourishing p. 129 The navel p. 132 The belly-vessel; the bearing p. 133 The preparation of the vessel p. 133 The protective vessel p. 137 The womb p. 138 Mother and daughter goddess p. 142 The receiving vessel: the snake p. 143 The ambivalence of the goddess p. 145 The Negative Elementary Character p. 147 The negative symbolism of the Feminine and the unconscious p. 147 The Terrible Mother as the devouring earth p. 149 Kali, Coatlicue, Gorgons, Bangda p. 150 The Terrible as a psychic phantom p. 153 Underworld, land of the dead, earth, west; cave, gate, pillar, dolmen, gate, fence p. 157 The gates of the underworld and their goddess p. 160 The vessel of death: pithos, urn, coffin p. 162 The bird of the dead: vulture, crow, raven p. 164 Fear of decay p. 165 The Terrible Mother; the Gorgon p. 166 The destructive male attributes of the Feminine: snake, teeth, tusks, tongue p. 168 Goddess of the gate and the way p. 170 Death vessel of the underworld: hell, gullet p. 171 Magic p. 172 The Symbolism of the Terrible Mother in Melanesia. The matriarchal world: guardian spirit p. 173 Land of the dead, labyrinth, night sea voyage p. 174 Spider, crab woman, rat, giant bivalve, maw of death, moon, stone altar p. 177 The Matriarchal World of America. Night sky, world of the beginning p. 179 Lunar mythology and Great Mother in Peru p. 179 The night goddess as Gorgon and the death of the heroes of light p. 180 The symbol canon of the Terrible Mother in Mexico p. 181 Earth, night, death, underworld p. 182 The matriarchal background of Aztec culture p. 185 The obsidian religion p. 190 The unity of the Great Goddess p. 191 The fertility ritual p. 194 The feminine symbolism of the Masculine p. 195 Mother and daughter goddess p. 197 The son-lover p. 198 Sacrifice and birth p. 199 Quetzaleoatl: the hero, the transformation, the regression p. 203 The Transformative Character The Great Round p. 211 The Great Goddess as Great Round p. 211 Unity of upper and lower: night sky, earth, underworld, primordial ocean p. 211 The original uroboric darkness p. 212 Tiamat and the primordial age p. 213 The clothed goddess p. 215 Egypt: sea, egg. cow p. 217 Hathor, Nut, Isis, Mehurt p. 218 Bast, the goddess of Sals p. 220 Nut and Naunet p. 221 The goddess of the night sky p. 223 The Goddess of Fate. The goddess of weaving: Egypt, Greece, the Germanic countries, the Mayans p. 227 The mill p. 234 The wheel of life p. 234 The round p. 239 The Lady of the Plants p. 240 The symbolism of Egypt p. 240 Birth: primordial ocean, primordial hill, primordial serpent and lotus p. 241 The goddess as tree p. 241 Sycamore, djed pillar, sun-bearing tree p. 242 Nest, crib, cradle, coffin p. 243 Tree of heaven p. 244 Tree of souls p. 245 Tree of fate p. 246 The twofold significance of the feminine wood: tree of life and tree of death p. 252 Cross, bed, ship, cradle p. 256 The Earth Mother; water, swamp, mountain, stone p. 260 Vegetation symbolism p. 261 Great Mother and beehive p. 265 The Lady of the Beasts p. 268 On the psychology of the matriarchate p. 268 Totemism p. 269 Rain magic p. 270 Exogamy p. 270 Feminine and male group p. 271 Great Goddess and beasts p. 272 Animal and human forms of the goddess p. 276 Sacrifice p. 279 Spiritual Transformation p. 281 The primordial mysteries of the Feminine p. 281 Mysteries of preservation, formation, nourishment, and transformation: vessel, cave, house, tomb, temple p. 282 Pillar and enclosure p. 283 Hunt magic and food p. 283 Food storage and preservation of fire p. 284 Transformation of food p. 285 Intoxicant and medicine p. 286 The Woman as Mana Figure. The Feminine as vessel of transformation p. 287 Priestess, shaman, etc. p. 288 The feminine mana figure and the anima p. 290 Prophecy, poetry, dance p. 296 Medicine, drug, and intoxicant p. 299 Berserkerism and the feminine p. 302 The goddess of fate p. 304 The Woman's Experience of Herself and the Eleusinian Mysteries. The mother-daughter relationship p. 305 The marriage of death p. 308 The birth of the son: fire and light p. 309 The matricide and the sun p. 316 The virgin and the ear of grain p. 317 On the matriarchal psychology of the Eleusinian mysteries p. 317 The Eleusinian mysteries and the Masculine p. 319 Sophia. The vessel of spiritual transformation p. 325 The nourishment of the heart p. 329 Vestigial forms of Sophia in the West p. 331 Kwan-yin and Tara p. 332 Bibliography p. 339 Index p. 357 Plates p. 383